NETFILE eligibility: the years, returns and claims it accepts

NETFILE eligibility in one minute

Most residents of Canada with ordinary employment, pension, investment or self-employment income meet NETFILE eligibility. The service is built around a living person, resident in a province or territory, filing an original return for a recent year from certified software. Anything that falls outside that picture, such as a death, a bankruptcy or a return for an older year, is likely to be refused.

Your certified software normally flags an exclusion before you try to transmit. If it does not, and the CRA rejects the file, the reason usually appears in a message during transmission. See NETFILE rejected return for that situation.

NETFILE eligible tax years

During the 2026 season, which runs from February 23, 2026 until January 29, 2027, NETFILE accepts original returns for tax years 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022, 2023, 2024 and 2025. That is 8 years. Amended returns go through ReFILE, which covers a shorter span of 4 years.

The window has shifted one year forward each season. If you still owe a 2018 return, file it before January 29, 2027: once the 2027 season opens, 2018 is expected to fall out of range and would then need a paper return.

Can I use NETFILE for previous years?

Yes, for any year inside the window. You need certified software for that particular year, since products are certified year by year. Many vendors keep prior-year editions available for this reason. Returns for years before the window must be printed and mailed; our late tax return guide explains the penalties that may already apply and how to limit them.

For a year you have already filed, NETFILE is the wrong tool. Sending a second original return does not replace the first. Use ReFILE or Change my return to amend it instead.

Returns NETFILE cannot accept

The CRA's NETFILE page lists several kinds of return that are excluded regardless of the year.

• A return for a deceased person
• A bankruptcy return
• A return for a deemed resident, meaning someone who does not pay provincial or territorial tax
• A return from someone whose social insurance number starts with 0, unless they are a newcomer to Canada
• A return for a year outside the eligible range

Can I NETFILE for a deceased person?

No. NETFILE refuses every return for a deceased taxpayer. The legal representative can mail a paper final return, or hire a preparer registered for CRA EFILE. The EFILE exclusion list only covers taxpayers who died before the current tax year, so a final return for someone who died during the year being filed may still go electronically through a preparer.

How to file a tax return for a non-resident of Canada

Non-residents have few electronic options: the CRA's EFILE exclusions cover non-residents for 2018 to 2025 unless the return is filed under section 116. Most non-residents who must file complete the CRA's income tax package for non-residents and deemed residents and mail it. The CRA asks filers outside Canada to wait 16 weeks before contacting it about a refund.

Income and claims that block NETFILE

A return can also be refused because of what is on it. These exclusions are rare, but if one applies, no certified product can send your return through NETFILE.

• Canadian-source income from Lloyd's of London
• Employment income from a prescribed international organization
• Pension income that accrued before 1972
• Certain RDSP income
• Electing to defer tax on spin-off shares distributed by a foreign corporation
• More than 12 sets of financial statements
• Foreign tax credits for more than 3 countries
• A deduction for scientific research and experimental development expenses
• Claims involving more than 22 children

Three rental properties and two businesses make five statements, well under the limit of 12, so most self-employed filers never reach these limits.

What other NETFILE restrictions apply?

The CRA's NETFILE page lists more exclusions that rarely apply but block the transmission when they do. Certified software checks for them before you send.

If one of these applies, the last section of this page shows how to file instead.

Filing for other people

You can prepare and NETFILE returns for family members from one computer. If you are registered for Represent a Client, the CRA lets you file up to 20 returns per computer or CRA account for each tax year. A household of six (two adults, a student and three teens with summer jobs) fits comfortably.

Above that volume, or when you charge a fee, the preparer route applies. Anyone paid to prepare more than 5 T1 returns in a calendar year must file them electronically.

What to do if you are not eligible

1. Confirm the reason. Read the message from your software or the CRA; a wrong year or data problem is fixable, a true exclusion is not.
2. Check whether a preparer can EFILE it. Some returns NETFILE refuses, such as a current-year final return, are within EFILE.
3. Otherwise print and mail it. See our guide to a paper tax return for where to send it and what to attach.
4. Keep the deadline. A paper return is still due April 30, 2027 for 2026 income (June 15, 2027 if you are self-employed, with payment still due April 30).